Introduction to Hasth Mudra Vigyan

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What is Mudra ?

A mudra (Sanskrit: मुद्रा) is a symbolic or ritual gesture or pose in Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism. While some mudras involve the entire body, most are performed with the hands and fingers. The science of finger postures is also known as Mudra Vigyan.

Where and how Mudras originated ?

No one knows for sure where and how mudras originated. They have been in use for millenniums. They have not ben known to adhere to any barriers . They have been found in all continents, practiced by people of all religions and those professing none. They are as natural to the body as the daily needs of the body. All that was required was to recognize them, identify them and scientifically understand and use them.
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In the Orient these can be observed in the rituals and rites of the rich cultural traditions of Hinduism and Buddhism in India, Tibet, China, Japan Indonesia etc. The paintings in the caves of Ajanta and sculptures in the Ellora caves, dating back to 2nd. and 1st. centuries BC show innumerable mudras.

Hinduism shows the earliest recorded knowledge and analysis of Mudras. The earliest documentations are found in Mantra Shastra (the book of incantations), Upasana Shastra (the book of worship and prayers) and the Nritya Shastra (the book of classical dances). The following verse from Srimad Bhagwad Gita mentions that Lord Krishna was in the posture of Gyan Mudra when he bestowed the knowledge of Gita to Arjuna.

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Prapannapaarijaataaya totravetre paanaye,

gyaan mudraaya Krishnaaya geetaamritaa duhe namah

(प्रपन्नपरिजातया तत्रैवते पानये,

ज्ञान मुद्राया कृष्णाय गीतामृत दुहे नमः) 

In Jainism, Swami Mahavir Jain and in Sikkhism, Guru Nanak Devji are always shown in Gyan or Dhyan Mudra.

In the Occident, cheironomy is the science of hand gestures (mudras). In Christian art Jesus, John the Baptist and Virgin Mary are shown in various Mudras. Reference may be had from the book "The sign Language of the Mysteries" by J.S.M.Ward. Even today, the sign used by the priests of Catholic Churches while blessing the devotees, is what is shown elsewhere in this article as "Mahagyan Mudra"

Egyptian hieroglyphics are a virtual treasure house of mudras. The postures of their kings and queens even as mummies show them holding mudras.

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The Babylonian sun God Damuzi depicts Mudras while descending into the underworld.

In Islam, the mystical Whirling Dervishes used Hand signs or Mudras for various rites and rituals.

Roman art is replete with mudras.


There are various supreme sciences for the investigations on and into the human mind and body. Some of these are:

Mudra Vigyan  -  The science of finger postures

Kayakalpa Vigyan  -  The science of rejuvenation
Brahma Vidya  - Divine knowledge - theosophy
Pran Vinimaya Vigyan  -  The science of curing the sick and the defective
Surya Vigyan  -  The science of solar energy
Punarjanma Vigyan  -  The science of reincarnation
Deerghayu Vidya  -  The science of longevity
Swar Vigyan  -  The science of sounds
Rasayan Vigyan  -  The science of Alchemy
Mantra Vigyan  -  The science of spiritual incantation
Samyad Preshan Vidya  -  The science of Telepathy etc.

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